Ash Wednesday and Lent are times for repentance, public penance, reflection, and readying oneself for Easter.
Believers look forward to several important holy days in the liturgical calendar. Lent is one season when Christians commemorate the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ. It is a period of preparing one’s heart and mind for Maundy Thursday, Good Friday, and Easter Sunday. This article will discuss the day that begins Lent – Ash Wednesday.
What is Ash Wednesday?
Origin of Ash Wednesday
Christians have observed Ash Wednesday since the earliest period of the religion. However, the account for and establishment of Lent is unclear. Scholars contend that Lent became a consistent holy day after the legalization of Christianity in AD 313. They note that beginning in the latter period of the fourth century, Christians practiced the forty days of preparation known as Lent. Ash Wednesday was also woven into the Catholic Church beliefs at the Council of Nicea in 325 AD.
The practice of penance and fasting comes from the ancient Jewish tradition of Ash Wednesday. Another ancient Jewish tradition we’ve applied is the wearing of ashes from blessed palm branches on our forehead. Therefore, this practice is not distinctly Protestant or Catholic, as most believe it is.
Ash Wednesday in the Bible
Ash Wednesday and Lent were not mentioned or observed explicitly in the Bible. Nevertheless, the practices and disciplines chiefly observed during the entire Lent season are ubiquitous throughout Scripture. The authors of the Bible emphasize fasting, prayer, and public penance, which are instructions during Lent.
Also, since ashes symbolize repentance, we see Bible characters use this to repent along with another visible symbol of repentance, like fasting. These characters include Mordecai (Esther 4:1), Daniel (Daniel 9:3-4), and Job (Job 42:6). In biblical times, smearing oneself with ashes symbolizes penance for sorrow or sin.
When is Ash Wednesday?
Ash Wednesday is a holy day that marks the beginning of Lent, a forty-day period of prayer, fasting, and almsgiving to prepare for Holy Week. The Lenten season is a forty-day celebration, excluding Sundays, and it marks 46 days before Easter Sunday or Christ’s resurrection. It always falls on Wednesday, six and a half weeks before Easter Sunday.
The last Sunday of Lent is Palm Sunday, which leads to Holy Week, even though the dates of Holy Week differ yearly. Holy week consists of Palm Sunday (the Sixth Sunday of Lent), Holy Monday and Holy Tuesday, Holy Wednesday (Spy Wednesday), Maundy Thursday, Good Friday, and Holy Saturday (Black Saturday). Holy Saturday is the visit to the tomb of Jesus Christ and Easter Day. Therefore, Ash Wednesday is not celebrated on a specific date each year.
Who Celebrates Ash Wednesday?
The celebration of Ash Wednesday is most popularly observed among Roman Catholics. However, many Orthodox and Protestant believers also celebrate Ash Wednesday to commence the Lenten season.
Different Christians contend with the observation of Ash Wednesday as the first day of Lent. Some appreciate Ash Wednesday and Lent as a period for reflection and intentional practice of spiritual disciplines, distinctly Protestant practices.
For Roman Catholics, Ash Wednesday is chiefly observed by attending a Catholic Church mass and after lining up to receive ashes on their foreheads to be worn for the rest of the day. But other believers, like the Reformists, won’t receive ashes or disapprove of the season’s commemoration. They reason that observing Ash Wednesday can open excessiveness and bondage to rituals.
However you view Ash Wednesday and Lent, remember that it would benefit the Body of Christ if believers were not self-righteous about celebrating holy days. It is also vital to keep in mind that God sees beyond empty traditions and actions; He sees the heart of His people (1 Samuel 16:7). Thus, observing Ash Wednesday and Lent should not come from a place of heartless obligation. Instead, it should be rooted in worship and intimacy with the Lord to help us attain redemption.
Significance of Ash Wednesday
Ash Wednesday is a time to prepare our hearts to celebrate the season of Easter. Ash Wednesday and the whole season of Lent are opportunities to appreciate the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ. Also, Ash Wednesday falls at a time when people remember their fallen nature, mortality, and the need for a Savior. It is also a period to reflect on what truly matters in our lives and how the gospel message impacts us.
Many believers attend the Ash Wednesday mass or service together with their families as a way to prepare their hearts and celebrate. Thus, Ash Wednesday marks a great opportunity to begin penance for our sins and a good time to fellowship with your family. Doing family devotions, prayers, and the like strengthens your faith and family ties.
How is Ash Wednesday Observed?
Prayer
Holy days in the Christian faith cannot do away with prayer. It is a religious tradition and also part of the Roman Missal. Prayer is an essential spiritual discipline and a transforming tool for believers. During Ash Wednesday, praying for strength for the entire Lenten season is customary, as it is a time of sacrifice and self-denial. Roman Catholics considered Ash Wednesday a time for self-improvement during World War II.
As we do a penitential prayer during Ash Wednesday, it is good to remember the words of Jesus: “And when you pray, do not be like the hypocrites, for they love to pray standing in the synagogues and on the street corners to be seen by others. Truly, I tell you, they have received their reward in full. But when you pray, go into your room, close the door, and pray to your Father, who is unseen. Then your Father, who sees what is done in secret, will reward you. And when you pray, do not keep on babbling like pagans, for they think they will be heard because of their many words. Do not be like them, for your Father knows what you need before you ask him.” (Matthew 6:5-8)
Fasting and abstinence
In the liturgical calendar, Shrove Tuesday or Fat Tuesday is the last day of feasting before Ash Wednesday opens Lent. That’s why many Christians emphasize fasting and abstinence at the beginning of Ash Wednesday. Fasting is not only part of Holy Wednesday but also symbolizes the believer’s effort to repent for their sins.
In the Catholic faith, fasting means eating only one full meal during the day. It is mandatory in Catholic Churches during Ash Wednesday and Good Friday. Others not only eat one full meal for the day but also abstain from eating meat.
For some theologians, believers should avoid all products derived from animals. Moreover, Ash Wednesday marks a forty-day penance, during which you fast for forty days. This practice models the fasting of Jesus Christ in the desert before starting His earthly ministry.
In modern days, fasting and abstinence are not only limited to food. Christians fast and abstain by refraining from social media use, watching TV, consuming alcohol, and other activities that give personal pleasure.
Doing fasting and abstinence beginning on Ash Wednesday will be beneficial with the right attitude and objective. Remember the words of Jesus in Matthew 6:16-18, “When you fast, do not look somber as the hypocrites do, for they disfigure their faces to show others they are fasting. Truly, I tell you, they have received their reward in full. But when you fast, put oil on your head and wash your face, so that it will not be obvious to others that you are fasting, but only to your Father, who is unseen; and your Father, who sees what is done in secret, will reward you.”
Repentance
The heart of fasting and prayer is repentance. Repentance semantically means a change of mind. From a biblical lens, repenting means accepting Christ as Savior and Lord of your life. Repentance entails the recognition of sin and the need for redemption through Christ’s finished work on the cross. Believers also need daily repentance to grow in spiritual maturity. Christ-followers repent, knowing that God’s mercies are fresh every waking day (Lamentations 3:23).
During Ash Wednesday, repentance can be practiced by asking the Holy Spirit to bring your sins into awareness (Psalm 139:23). Make a list of the sins that come to mind. Then, confess these sins and accept the Lord’s forgiveness (1 John 1:9). If these sins involve other people, make amends and reconcile as the Holy Spirit leads you. Lastly, meditate on the Good News of Christ and remind yourself of God’s attributes.
Ashes on Ash Wednesday: Wearing Ashes on Forehead
The Ash Wednesday ashes symbolize death and repentance. Biblical characters use ashes as a symbol of mourning and repentance. For example, Job repented using sackcloth and ashes (Job 42:6). Also, Daniel mentioned ashes as he prophesied the captivity of Jerusalem by Babylon (Daniel 9:3). These illustrations from the Old Testament show the use of ashes and that ashes symbolize penance.
Nowadays, Christians observe Lent with solemnity as they bring attention to their sinfulness and humanity. This focus allows for joyous anticipation of Christ’s resurrection and Easter Sunday celebrations.
Many denominations celebrate Lent Ash Wednesday, and they involve pastors distributing ashes and using them to mark church members, usually on the person’s forehead. Historically, Pope Gregory established the Ash Wednesday practice of placing ash marks shaped like a cross on parishioners’ foreheads—the public penance of the Christian Church for people who had sinned, including wearing ashes and sackcloth.
In the Catholic faith, the priests administer ashes on a person’s forehead in the context of the Eucharistic celebration. For other Protestant churches, they involve pastors distributing ashes in public areas. Ashes symbolize penance, and placing them on the practitioner’s forehead is a visible symbol of their devotion and participation in the penitential procession.
Various congregations make the ashes on Ash Wednesday by burning the blessed palm branches used during the previous Palm Sunday celebration. Then, the ashes are consecrated with holy water and incense.
Bible Verses to Ponder Upon on Ash Wednesday
As Christians observe Ash Wednesday this year, here are some Bible verses to ponder during the Lenten week.
On creation and mortality
“Then the LORD God formed a man from the dust of the ground and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life, and the man became a living being.” (Genesis 2:7)
“By the sweat of your brow, you will eat your food until you return to the ground since from it you were taken; for dust you are, and to dust, you will for dust you shall return to.” (Genesis 3:19)
“And in as much as it is appointed for men to die once and after this comes judgment.” (Hebrew 9:27)
On man’s fallen nature and need for repentance.
“Repent, then, and turn to God, so that your sins may be wiped out, that times of refreshing may come from the Lord.” (Acts 3:19)
“Therefore, just as through one man sin entered into the world, and death through sin, and so death spread to all men because all sinned.” (Romans 5:12)
On God’s divine mercy and compassion
“As a father has compassion on his children, so the LORD has compassion on those who fear him; for he knows how we are formed, he remembers that we are dust.” (Psalm 103:13-14)
“He is the atoning sacrifice for our sins, and not only for ours but also for the sins of the whole world.” (1 John 2:2)
Prayer for Ash Wednesday
Merciful Father, I come before you in humility and ask you to search me and examine my heart. You alone know my every desire, intention, thought, and action. Nothing escapes your sight. Bring into my awareness the sins I have committed against you and my brothers and sisters. Grant me a repentant heart and help me turn away from sinfulness. I recognize the depravity of my heart and acknowledge that you alone can save a wretched soul like me. I repent from my old ways and surrender my life to you.
Lord, give me the strength and wisdom as I meditate on your word and spend intentional time with you during the season of Lent, Ash Wednesday. Let your Holy Spirit guide and lead me this Lenten season. Allow me to worship you with a pure mind and heart. Please remind me not only to receive ashes but also to remember that they symbolize grief and my intention to repent for my sins.
My heart is in joyful anticipation for Easter Sunday! Because of your redemptive work on the cross, I can declare that death holds no victory on me. Thank you for the grace and divine mercy that abounds every season. I pray this in the mighty name of Jesus. Amen.
The Call to Community Engagement and Service
During the Lenten season, Christians are called to not only reflect on their personal faith journey but also to actively engage in serving their communities. This period offers a unique opportunity to embody the teachings of Jesus by participating in outreach programs, charitable activities, and community events.
“For I was hungry, and you gave me something to eat; I was thirsty, and you gave me something to drink. I was a stranger, and you invited me in. I needed clothes, and you clothed me; I was sick, and you looked after me; I was in prison, and you came to visit me. … Truly, I tell you, whatever you did for one of the least of these brothers and sisters of mine, you did for me.” (Matthew 25:35-40)
“What good is it, my brothers and sisters, if someone claims to have faith but has no deeds? Can such faith save them? … Faith by itself, if it is not accompanied by action, is dead.” (James 2:14-17)
The Significance of Service
Participating in outreach programs and charitable activities during Lent is more than just a gesture of goodwill; it is a tangible expression of Christian love and compassion. Jesus Himself exemplified the importance of serving others, demonstrating humility and selflessness in His interactions with people from all walks of life.
Through acts of service, individuals, and congregations can address practical needs within their communities while also fostering a sense of unity, solidarity, and mutual care. These endeavors not only provide material assistance but also offer hope, dignity, and a sense of belonging to those in need.
Practical Ways to Serve
There are countless ways individuals and congregations can make a positive impact in their communities during Lent. Some practical examples include:
- Volunteering at local food banks, shelters, or soup kitchens to help alleviate food insecurity and homelessness.
- Organizing fundraising events or donation drives for charitable causes, such as supporting vulnerable populations or funding educational initiatives.
- Participating in environmental cleanup efforts, tree planting initiatives, or sustainability projects to care for God’s creation and promote eco-friendly practices.
By actively engaging in service-oriented activities, Christians can embody the spirit of Lent by demonstrating love, compassion, and solidarity with their neighbors in need.
The Importance of Family and Community Devotions during Lent
In the Lenten season, the journey of faith is not meant to be solitary but shared within the context of family and community. Family devotions and communal gatherings for prayer and worship are integral components of the Lenten observance, providing opportunities for collective spiritual growth, fellowship, and mutual support.
Strengthening Family Bonds Through Devotion
“These commandments that I give you today are to be on your hearts. Impress them on your children. Talk about them when you sit at home and when you walk along the road, when you lie down, and when you get up.” (Deuteronomy 6:6-7)
During Lent, families can deepen their bonds by incorporating spiritual practices into their daily lives. Reading Scripture together, praying as a family, and engaging in discussions about faith and discipleship foster a sense of shared purpose and commitment to spiritual growth. These devotional moments create sacred spaces where family members can encourage and support one another on their faith journeys.
Fostering Community Connection Through Worship
“And let us consider how we may spur one another on toward love and good deeds, not giving up meeting together, as some are in the habit of doing, but encouraging one another—and all the more as you see the Day approaching.” (Hebrews 10:24-25)
Congregations play a vital role in facilitating community engagement during Lent. Organizing special events and gatherings, such as midweek worship services, prayer vigils, or small group studies, creates opportunities for believers to come together, share their faith experiences, and deepen their relationships. These communal activities foster a sense of belonging and unity, reminding individuals that they are part of a larger spiritual family.
Practical Suggestions for Family and Community Devotions:
- Family Scripture Readings: Choose passages of Scripture that reflect Lenten themes of repentance, renewal, and redemption. Encourage each family member to share their insights and reflections on the readings.
- Prayer Circles: Create a time for family prayer, where each member can express their concerns, hopes, and thanksgiving. Encourage intercessory prayer for those in need, both within the family and the wider community.
- Community Worship Events: Collaborate with other families or church members to organize joint worship services or prayer gatherings. Use this time to collectively lift up prayers of confession, petition, and praise as you journey through the Lenten season together.
By prioritizing family and community devotions during Lent, individuals and congregations can deepen their spiritual connections, support one another in their faith journeys, and experience the transformative power of communal worship and prayer.
In Summary
Do not just celebrate Ash Wednesday but open the week with a Palm Sunday celebration where you excitedly wave palm branches and remember the day Jesus entered Jerusalem. Enjoying a time of celebration and feasting is good; however, there also has to be a time for fasting and repentance. As you receive ashes that symbolize grief and repentance, let us remember the importance of the days leading to Palm Sunday.
As you commemorate Ash Wednesday, may you have a genuinely repentant heart. Observe the forty days of penance with fasting and unceasing prayers. Attend the Palm Sunday mass and focus your worship on the Lord alone. Bask in the grace of God’s salvation in Jesus Christ. May you embrace the coming of Easter and its powerful message of Christ’s resurrection!
